A large consortium led by the University of Tübingen, the Radboud
university medical center Nijmegen and the University of Leicester
and including in France Eurordis, Orphanet, two major research
institutes (Centre de Recherche en Myologie and Institut du Cerveau
et de la Moelle épinière) and the Dijon University Hospital, has acquired a € 15 million grant for the SOLVE-RD research program. The consortium will use the funding to improve the diagnosis of rare diseases. The researchers will work directly with four European Reference networks (or ERNs): European networks of care providers set up to share and enhance the knowledge and resources used for treating rare diseases.
Patients with a rare disease generally go through a long and arduous process, sometimes lasting ten or fifteen years (also known as the rare disease odyssey), before finding a physician who knows what is wrong with them. Scientific advances can also take a long time, as it is difficult to find sufficient numbers of people with the same rare disease to enable successful research.
No diagnosis
Collectively rare diseases are common. While for a given rare disease, the number of people will be extremely low, the very large number of such rare diseases means that collectively, their number in Europe runs into hundreds of thousands. In recent years, it has become clear that the ‘eye’ of a doctor alone often will not suffice to diagnose a rare disease. We need better genetic tests to effectively diagnose rare diseases.
Commitment
This is where SOLVE-RD (www.solve-rd.eu), a large-scale research program operating under the European Commission’s Horizon 2020, comes in. The academic partners taking part in SOLVE-RD have designed an infrastructure enabling the coordination and analysis of all data generated across Europe. Combining the existing exome and genome patient data of all collaborators of SOLVE-RD greatly increases the chances of finding a second or a third patient with the same rare disease. The commitment for sharing data on rare diseases on this scale is unique.
Data as never seen before
But SOLVE-RD goes a few steps further by applying the latest available ‘multi-omics’ methods. If the DNA data illuminate a particular disease, researchers turn to other large scale tests that reflect the gene’s function such as RNA, the proteins (proteomics), metabolic products (metabolomics) and epigenomics. Combining these ‘…omics’ techniques provides the extra information that may ensure that a rare disease is diagnosed. The enormous amount of data resulting from this multi-omics approach must be converted into useful, comprehensible information by bioinformatic scientists using smart algorithms.
Virtual networks
SOLVE-RD is a unique project, because the research for better diagnostics of rare diseases is directly linked to better care at the European level in 24 Reference Networks (ERNs). These ERNs were set up to improve and harmonize diagnosis and treatment for people suffering from rare diseases. Using shared knowledge and guidelines, a patient in Romania, for example, will receive the same diagnostics and treatment as a patient in Sweden or Spain. The virtual networks collectively pool all existing knowledge and remove unnecessary boundaries.
Diagnostics of the future
SOLVE-RD comprises four ERNs for rare neurological diseases (RND), neuromuscular diseases (EURO-NMD), congenital malformations and intellectual disability (ITHACA) and genetic tumor risk syndromes (GENTURIS). These ERNs are the first to add and share their patient data, thereby taking the lead in improving the diagnosis and treatment of these rare diseases. Other ERNs will join SOLVE-RD later. In this way, SOLVE-RD will have a significant impact on our knowledge and clinical practice when it comes to diagnosing and treating rare diseases in Europe.
Among the academic partners taking part in SOLVE-RD are 3 INSERM teams: Unit US14 – Orphanet (Ana Rath), Unit 1217 – Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle (ICM, team led by Giovanni Stevanin) and Unit 974 – Centre de Recherche en Myologie (CRM, team led by Gisèle Bonne). Whereas Orphanet will contribute to the description of unsolved rare disease patient profiles (Work Package 1) by building an ontology of unsolved rare disease cases to further advance RD diagnosis (WP1 leader), the ICM and CRM teams, being respectively part of the ERN-RND and the ERN-EURO-NMD, will contribute to the identification of novel molecular causes (WP2) through the (re-)analysis of a large number of existing exomes and genomes but also through solving unsolved diseases by looking ‘beyond’ exomes using multi-omics approaches. They will also contribute to WP3 aimed at changing patient lives via the establishment of a “treatabolome” flagging treatable genes and variants, which will contribute to the translation of genomics data into the clinical setting. Further details can to found at www.solve-rd.eu.
