sequence of DNA composing a unit of genetic information. One gene codes for one protein, thereby ensuring a precise function. A gene can contain sequences that code (exons) and sequences that do not code (introns).

set of therapeutic approaches involving the transfer of genetic information to cells, tissues or organs of a patient, in order to overcome a genetic default or to provide a protective or corrective function.

type of gene therapy in which cells are removed from a patient, genetically modified by a vector carrying the therapeutic gene outside the body and are then re-introduced in the same patient.

used to translate the message coded in the gene into a protein. One sequence of 3 nucleotides (codon) corresponds to one amino acid (of the protein).

information given by a geneticist during a consultation, to every person with a genetic disease or related to the afflicted person, in order to determine the risk of being affected or of transmitting the disease.

methods of investigation and of experimentation on genes (cloning, synthesis of a therapeutic protein...)

probability with which two neighbouring genes (on the same chromosome) can be transmitted together in case of rearrangement of the genetic material.

Markers located along the length of each chromosome. These markers enable genes located on different chromosomes to be localised.

sequence of DNA transmitted within a family in the same way and at the same time as the gene involved in the genetic disease, and that is used as a marker when searching for the gene.

exchange of fragments between two DNA molecules that can cause mutations.

the entire DNA of an organism.

Good Laboratory Practices.

procedures guaranteeing quality.